Albert Einstein
He developed the theory of relativity.
He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for theoretical physics.
Einstein did not think that Newtonian mechanics, was enough to bring together the laws of classical mechanics, and the laws of the electromagnetic field.
Between 1902 and 1909, he developed the theory of special relativity to correct that.
Einstein also thought, that Isaac Newton's idea of gravity, was not completely correct.
So, he extended his ideas on special relativity, to include gravity.
In 1916, he published a paper on general relativity, with his theory of gravitation.
In 1933, Einstein was visiting the United States.
In Germany, Adolf Hitler and the Nazis came to power.
Einstein, being of Jewish ethnicity, did not return to Germany, due to Hitler’s anti-Semitic policies.
He lived in the United States, and became an American citizen, in 1940.
On the beginning of World War 2, he sent a letter to President Roosevelt, explaining to him, that Germany was in the process of making a nuclear weapon.
Einstein recommended, that the USA should also make one.
This led to the "Manhattan Project", and the USA became the first nation in history, to create and use the atomic bomb.
Einstein and other physicists, like Richard Feynman, who worked on the "Manhattan Project", later regretted that the bomb was used on Japan.
Einstein lived in Princeton, and was one of the first members invited to the Institute for Advanced Study, where he worked for the remainder of his life.
He is widely considered one of the greatest scientists of all time.
His contributions helped lay the foundations for all modern branches of physics, including quantum mechanics and relativity.
In 1952, Einstein received an offer to become president of the State of Israel.
His response was, "I am deeply moved, by the offer from our State of Israel, and at once saddened and ashamed that I cannot accept it".
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